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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 4 c2 I# |6 a- N. S+ {
4 N/ [; |! l0 K, Z# ohttp://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
0 c/ o9 u0 I p: }& `YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of+ Y& r0 L* \4 V/ F0 d% w
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.- I1 x2 H1 \/ f$ E( h, d
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LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
/ @- F# L, ~0 w$ kFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China., A& ^/ ] |7 }: o& e2 x
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Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
, F1 Y+ H0 y) M# h: tReceived 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018: z" r4 T" t2 z ?. g- g& V' Z9 C4 O
Published online 26 January 2018
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3 a, e+ {1 v0 @, j k% b8 gAbstract
) Q* g& K( X8 A8 a5 DJohn Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing; {' W. v; s' k& `1 \, K
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The" o) ^9 ]; A8 S- E v
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been) Q# V }2 A1 C7 @% x7 Q
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not, ^6 N* y- Q7 p
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific
& ]- o* h' m2 A0 D+ i8 Zworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly" f |+ _: m+ Y" U: i" i* ~; F" ^2 h* k' y
to the standardization of the scientific terminology
# f7 \4 t* q* ^6 D9 wtranslation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s- e8 ?5 |7 [4 l
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
/ I, a7 N; U; H# T: Yand then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
; X' r! K4 F2 B& h; D( @standardization of the scientific terminology translation
2 K2 R; K1 S$ s( m* l/ jin Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
* e9 k) f1 {! R2 X* I; mhe established had helped greatly with the popularization6 G8 g3 N) C( F
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring- \: e/ q; f8 a S! J+ A+ t& P
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
0 l0 Z4 R; L( x- I3 @+ Afor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and% ]( A: @6 H3 ^# J1 a& U6 L8 M% F
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
0 \, M5 l5 P; | C. ]great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
) H5 R1 H% R5 J y0 ]terminology.8 \; B9 {0 `" F9 W2 P' c
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
! ^; m, K( [. F1 |Standardization of terminology translation( u6 |; D- X$ h$ `/ F/ x
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to, |) W* I) ]1 C& T
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern4 C, P4 S$ n" y0 h' Z; ~
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available, C$ _8 c/ i' R' R$ j
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213$ |* N) L" k6 v
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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9 w9 c- F, R. l& y) BINTRODUCTION
3 g) Q" t5 P& eJohn Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and0 ]" Z1 b# }: n, N6 Q$ _- d
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).) B+ n- ~4 v% K {' n8 D
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
( O7 M0 V! p1 B8 q9 i2 iHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
1 d6 R: _( u$ ySt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed; \+ b) Y( f0 L
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as& f+ b t- ]7 b$ i
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
% N/ Z" Z( ^5 [) A* `8 E V! V; yhis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-) G |" H9 t& I$ j P% O
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific! y& b1 x- H; A& j- C9 W- f. R
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,+ {$ S2 {$ w( x4 M1 o
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
# v, V& f8 }$ |" bNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
/ H# N5 \2 F5 }) u7 K. a, A4 Jto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant3 H' F, @7 [9 ~0 u+ v% Y: J4 f
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
3 z3 y& |0 L4 U: nrevise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,2 Z+ N: Q6 f+ n
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western
. L! L$ I6 Q; k% H; _' U+ |4 a, `' Ybooks that made him the most productive one among the
, @. }3 K9 e/ E, o. [' gforeign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,$ d. o/ X9 n- r, t
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a, c% g' [1 }6 [$ k7 }- L
noble work which could help accelerate the process of% y8 ^4 G0 j, O+ h/ ]" ?0 b
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).9 `/ ^7 t. j! @# b& K7 l( Y5 M
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
, R( E K7 j4 ^! ~* [also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western0 D' q4 ~+ h$ n3 l7 `
science and the standardization of translated scientific
4 L8 `" q6 @( v$ V7 d: iterms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific: L. S4 s V( i
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
5 a0 L# P1 |1 D) _6 o' e! p( a* kestablishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another2 m2 o, J0 J+ r
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series, v& i9 _- m9 b5 F: U U2 C
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
, i8 M7 X+ \) v. ]# h% z: XModern China.) I1 R8 {8 ~# F" z
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
$ ^1 O7 L0 ]% W( B: K1 x7 r9 PThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
6 S* r& N- M8 a& S/ V* U$ M* itravel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing2 D6 w! A* k- u! A4 j: ]6 K
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
! a' g+ r. f. S( g* ~" eJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and4 v& V, v7 D' L3 e9 C& e
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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